The practice of cold plunging has gained significant popularity in recent years, attracting enthusiasts who swear by its transformative effects on mental well-being. Often taking the form of dips in frigid lakes, oceans, or backyard ice baths, cold plunging has become a communal activity for groups like the Puget Sound Plungers in the Pacific Northwest.
While the trend has led to a surge in social media posts featuring half-frozen torsos and a market for high-end cold plunge tubs, scientists emphasize the need for rigorous scientific evidence to support the health claims associated with cold exposure. François Haman, a professor at the University of Ottawa with over two decades of cold exposure research, acknowledges the increasing attention but notes the field has much catching up to do.
Researchers are cautiously exploring various health claims linked to cold plunging, such as its potential to regulate blood sugar, boost the immune system, alleviate chronic inflammation, and provide relief from anxiety and depression. The evidence is still in the early stages, with many studies based on small sample sizes and a lack of standardized protocols.
Heather Massey, an environmental physiologist at the University of Portsmouth, acknowledges the promising aspects of cold water immersion but emphasizes the need for more evidence. Currently, claims are often based on "very thin research," and popular beliefs may surpass the scientific understanding of the benefits.
Scientists caution enthusiasts about the potential hazards of cold plunging, especially for individuals with cardiovascular risks. Hazards include the risk of passing out and drowning due to cold shock, chronic exposure leading to non-freezing cold injuries, and a phenomenon known as the "after drop," where the body temperature decreases further after leaving the water.
Despite the uncertainties, researchers recognize the positive impact that cold plunging can have on mental health and mood. Large randomized controlled trials are underway to explore the therapeutic benefits of cold water swimming for anxiety and depression.
As enthusiasts continue to embrace the chilly craze, scientists emphasize the importance of personalized approaches, understanding individual responses to cold exposure, and avoiding excessive and daily submersion in extremely cold water. The overarching advice is to focus on the calming effects experienced after the initial shock and to keep the practice enjoyable and not overly complicated.
